Ethereum Nears Final Step Before Fusaka Mainnet
Ethereum has entered the final testnet phase for its Fusaka upgrade, setting the stage for its mainnet activation on December 3. The update represents a critical advancement toward greater scalability, efficiency, and security in the network’s evolution.
The Fusaka upgrade introduces a per-transaction gas cap of roughly 16.78 million units, a change designed to boost block efficiency and reduce denial-of-service (DoS) risks. Previously, a single transaction could use the entire block gas limit of around 45 million, potentially clogging the network.
By limiting how much gas each transaction can consume, Ethereum ensures no single transaction monopolizes block space, paving the way for more balanced and efficient block composition.
Efficiency Gains and New Safeguards
The gas cap, already active on Holesky and Sepolia testnets, is part of Ethereum’s gradual shift toward parallel execution - a long-term goal that will allow multiple transactions to be processed simultaneously.
This structural change will also reduce DoS attack vectors, as malicious actors can no longer overload entire blocks with one massive transaction. Instead, blockspace will now be distributed more evenly across smaller, legitimate transactions.
PeerDAS and Higher Block Gas Limits
The Fusaka upgrade - formally known as EIP-7825 - also includes Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS), a feature that allows Ethereum nodes to store only small random pieces of data rather than entire data sets from layer-2 networks.
This approach maintains security while reducing hardware load, cutting costs for validators and enabling more scalable L2 ecosystems. The system supports Ethereum’s broader goal of making rollups faster and cheaper without compromising decentralization.
Meanwhile, the network’s block gas limit will rise from 45 million to 60 million, allowing more transactions per block and increasing throughput ahead of the next major upgrade.
The Road Ahead: Hoodi Testnet and Beyond
Ethereum’s next phase will take place on the Hoodi testnet, scheduled for October 28, marking the final rehearsal before the mainnet rollout in December 2025.
The Fusaka upgrade follows Pectra (May 2025) and Dencun (March 2024) in Ethereum’s rapid succession of network improvements.
Glamsterdam: The Next Leap Forward
Once Fusaka goes live, Ethereum will move toward its next evolution - Glamsterdam, centered on EIP-7928, which will mark the first implementation of true parallel transaction processing on the network.
That future upgrade could dramatically boost speed and scalability, positioning Ethereum to handle enterprise-scale applications and next-gen rollups.
For now, Fusaka’s successful testnet activations indicate that Ethereum’s most ambitious year of technical development is nearing its close - with mainnet readiness just weeks away.
